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And so, the city did not permit any further private lines. Because the city didn’t need them. The city was getting its population moving by the subway and streetcars. So all the private lines that were built, were built in the late 19th century, and these were mostly fed by private companies. But there was no private, let’s say, Toronto Railway line in Toronto at that point. The private lines that were built in Toronto, were either owned by the subway companies or by the Canadian Pacific. And then, after the introduction of the subway in the ‘20s, the private lines that were built were out of service.
And this also explains why there is no private railways in North America. Because you have no industrial cities to build out, and the density and the need for a private network to get people across and thus the need for competition from a private network, isn’t there.
Now, when you pull this together, you have a private carrier network. You have a national carrier that in turn has a network of private lines that links together. And it’s the individual lines that are the most efficient and that operate the most. And this results in the sort of the pattern of a city with a well-developed network of rail lines that coincide with the high density areas of the city. And if you compare Tokyo to New York, for example, New York has a network of subway lines and subways, but it doesn’t have the density of private lines that you see in Tokyo. And this is where the private lines, because they are private, can be more efficient and more competitive.
But the city of Toronto never had a fairly well developed network of private lines. So it is a huge irony of Canadian history, that whereas you have the private train companies building out the networks and then contributing to the city, the city basically, in the early 20th century, decided that it didn’t want to add any more commuter rail lines.
And you can see the result of this in the way that the city has developed. The city now has a very well developed subway line, a very well developed streetcar network, but the city still does not have a well developed commuter rail network. And this is why we’re talking about private railways today.
The hope was that this would be a sustainable business model. But for the most part it hasn't been. There have been a number of bankruptcies of these lines, there have been a number of companies that disappeared altogether. Most of the lines are now operated by regional train companies that were either privately owned or were part of larger holding companies that were owned by the national railway. So these regional companies are the ones that are then contracted by the national railway to operate these lines, so these are little pieces of the larger puzzle. 827ec27edc